Smallpox vaccination-elicited antibodies cross-neutralize 2022-Monkeypox virus Clade II

J Med Virol. 2023 Mar;95(3):e28643. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28643.

Abstract

Since early May 2022, some monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections have been reported from countries where the disease is not endemic. Within 2 months, the number of patients has increased extensively, becoming the most considerable MPXV outbreak described. Smallpox vaccines demonstrated high efficacy against MPXVs in the past and are considered a crucial outbreak control measure. However, viruses isolated during the current outbreak carry distinct genetic variations, and the cross-neutralizing capability of antibodies remains to be assessed. Here we report that serum antibodies elicited by first-generation smallpox vaccines can neutralize the current MPXV more than 40 years after vaccine administration.

Keywords: immunity; monkeypox; neutralizing antibodies; vaccines; vaccinia virus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Monkeypox virus
  • Mpox (monkeypox)* / epidemiology
  • Mpox (monkeypox)* / prevention & control
  • Smallpox Vaccine* / genetics
  • Smallpox*
  • Vaccination

Substances

  • Smallpox Vaccine