Effect of omega-6 linoleic acid on neurobehavioral development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Tun-Chieh Chen; Wen-Li Hsu; Ching-Ying Wu; Yun-Ru Lai; How-Ran Chao; Chu-Huang Chen; Ming-Hsien Tsai

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102557

Effect of omega-6 linoleic acid on neurobehavioral development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2023 Apr:191:102557. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102557. Epub 2023 Mar 3.

Authors

Tun-Chieh Chen¹, Wen-Li Hsu², Ching-Ying Wu³, Yun-Ru Lai⁴, How-Ran Chao⁵, Chu-Huang Chen⁶, Ming-Hsien Tsai⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80145, Taiwan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
² Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
³ Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Child Care, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan; Emerging Compounds Research Center, General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan; Institute of Food Safety Management, College of Agriculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
⁶ Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America; New York Heart Research Foundation, Mineola, New York, 11501, United States of America; Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
⁷ Department of Child Care, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan; Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. Electronic address: alantsai@mail.npust.edu.tw.

PMID: 36889241
DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102557

Abstract

Linoleic acid (LA, omega-6), an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid, is supplied by vegetable oils such as corn, sunflower and soybean. Supplementary LA in infants and children is required for normal growth and brain development, but has also been reported to induce brain inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. This controversial role of LA development requires further investigation. Our study utilized Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a model to clarify the role of LA in regulating neurobehavioral development. A mere supplementary quantity of LA in C. elegans larval stage affected the worm's locomotive ability, intracellular ROS accumulation and lifespan. We found that more serotonergic neurons were activated by supplementing LA above 10 μM thereby promoting locomotive ability with upregulation of serotonin-related genes. Supplementation with LA above 10 μM also inhibited the expression of mtl-1, mtl-2 and ctl-3 to accelerate oxidative stress and attenuate lifespan in nematodes; however, enhancement of stress-related genes such as sod-1, sod-3, mtl-1, mtl-2 and cyp-35A2 by supplementary LA under 1 μM decreased oxidative stress and increased the worm's lifespan. In conclusion, our study reveals that supplementary LA possesses both pros and cons in worm physiology and provides new suggestions for LA intake administration in childhood.

Keywords: C. elegans; Lifespan; Neurobehavioral development; Omega-6 linoleic acid; Oxidative stress.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins* / genetics
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins* / metabolism
Caenorhabditis elegans* / genetics
Caenorhabditis elegans* / metabolism
Linoleic Acid / metabolism
Linoleic Acid / pharmacology
Longevity / genetics
Oxidative Stress
Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism

Substances

Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
Linoleic Acid
Reactive Oxygen Species