Efficacy and Safety of Tolvaptan for Patients With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in Real-world Practice: A Single Institution Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background/aim: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in real-world practice.

Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 27 patients who had been diagnosed with ADPKD between January 2014 and December 2022. Among them, 14 patients received tolvaptan (60 mg/day; morning: 45 mg, night: 15 mg) after being admitted for 2 days. In the outpatient clinic, blood and urine samples were taken monthly.

Results: The mean age, pretreatment estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), treatment duration, and total kidney volume were 60 years, 45.6 ml/min/1.73 m2, 2.8 years, and 2,390 ml, respectively. One month later, the patients' renal dysfunction had worsened slightly, and their serum sodium concentrations had significantly increased. After one year, the mean reduction in the eGFR was -5.5 ml/min/1.73 m² Moreover, at 3 years the patients' renal function was stable. No hepatic dysfunction or electrolyte abnormalities were noted, although discontinuation occurred in two cases. Tolvaptan treatment is considered to be safe.

Conclusion: Tolvaptan was effective against ADPKD in a real-world setting. Moreover, the safety of tolvaptan was confirmed.

Keywords: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; TKV; Tolvaptan; eGFR.