Porous nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-supported CuO@Cu2O hybrid electrodes for highly sensitive enzyme-free glucose biosensor

Qing Wei; Ling Wu; Meiwen Zhu; Zhipeng Wang; Zheng-Hong Huang; Ming-Xi Wang

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106155

Porous nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-supported CuO@Cu₂O hybrid electrodes for highly sensitive enzyme-free glucose biosensor

iScience. 2023 Feb 8;26(3):106155. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106155. eCollection 2023 Mar 17.

Authors

Qing Wei¹, Ling Wu², Meiwen Zhu³, Zhipeng Wang⁴, Zheng-Hong Huang⁵, Ming-Xi Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Materials for Environment and Energy in Petroleum & Chemical Industries, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
² Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
³ Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing 401123, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China.
⁵ Lab of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Abstract

Constructing high-performance enzyme-free biosensors for detecting glucose is essential to preliminary diabetes diagnosis. Here, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO@Cu₂O NPs) were anchored in porous nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (PNrGO) to construct CuO@Cu₂O/PNrGO/GCE hybrid electrode for sensitive detection of glucose. Benefiting from the remarkable synergistic effects between the multiple high activation sites of CuO@Cu₂O NPs and the dramatic properties of PNrGO with excellent conductivity and large surface area with many accessible pores, the hybrid electrode possesses outstanding glucose sensing performance that is far superior to those of pristine CuO@Cu₂O electrode. The as-fabricated enzyme-free glucose biosensor displays prominent glucose sensitivity of 2,906.07 μA mM^-1 cm^-2, extremely low limit of detection of 0.13 μM, and wide linear detection of 3 μM-6.772 mM. In addition, excellent reproducibility, favorable long-term stability, and distinguished selectivity are obtained in the glucose detection. Importantly, this study provides promising results for continuous improvement of non-enzyme sensing applications.

Keywords: Applied sciences; Nanomaterials; Sensor.