Elongational behaviour of electrostatically stabilised and concentrated CNF and CNC hydrogels: Experiments and modelling

P J J Dumont; S Gupta; F Martoïa; L Orgéas

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120168

Elongational behaviour of electrostatically stabilised and concentrated CNF and CNC hydrogels: Experiments and modelling

Carbohydr Polym. 2023 Jan 1:299:120168. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120168. Epub 2022 Oct 1.

Authors

P J J Dumont¹, S Gupta², F Martoïa³, L Orgéas⁴

Affiliations

¹ Univ. Lyon, INSA-Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France. Electronic address: pierre.dumont@insa-lyon.fr.
² Univ. Lyon, INSA-Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, 3SR Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
³ Univ. Lyon, INSA-Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
⁴ Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, 3SR Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, France.

PMID: 36876783
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120168

Abstract

TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hydrogels or cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) hydrogels can now be obtained at high concentrations (>10 wt%) and used to fabricate biobased materials and structures. Thus, it is required to control and model their rheology in process-induced multiaxial flow conditions using 3D tensorial models. For that purpose, it is necessary to investigate their elongational rheology. Thus, concentrated TEMPO-oxidized CNF and CNC hydrogels were subjected to monotonic and cyclic lubricated compression tests. These tests revealed for the first time that the complex compression rheology of these two electrostatically stabilised hydrogels combines viscoelasticity and viscoplasticity. The effect of their nanofibre content and aspect ratio on their compression response was clearly emphasised and discussed. The ability of a non-linear elasto-viscoplastic model to reproduce the experiments was assessed. Even if some discrepancies were observed at low or high strain rates, the model was consistent with the experiments.

Keywords: Cellulose nanocrystals; Cellulose nanofibrils; Cyclic tests, elastoviscoplasticity; Electrostatically stabilised hydrogels; Elongational flow; Lubricated compression.