Anti- E. coli Immunoglobulin Yolk (IgY): Reduction of pathogen receptors and inflammation factors could be caused by decrease in E. coli load

Abdellatif Bouazzaoui; Neda M Bogari; Faisal A Al-Allaf; Samar N Ekram; Mohammad Athar; Anas Dannoun; Thomas Schubert; Shahzad N Syed; Abdel-Rahman Youssef; Mashael Alqahtani; Ahmed A H Abdellatif

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13876

Anti- E. coli Immunoglobulin Yolk (IgY): Reduction of pathogen receptors and inflammation factors could be caused by decrease in E. coli load

Heliyon. 2023 Feb 21;9(3):e13876. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13876. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Authors

Abdellatif Bouazzaoui^{1

2

3}, Neda M Bogari¹, Faisal A Al-Allaf¹, Samar N Ekram¹, Mohammad Athar^{1

2}, Anas Dannoun¹, Thomas Schubert⁴, Shahzad N Syed⁵, Abdel-Rahman Youssef⁶, Mashael Alqahtani⁶, Ahmed A H Abdellatif^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
² Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Internal Medicin III (Haematology and Internal Oncology), University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg; Germany.
⁴ Institut für angewandte Pathologie Speyer, Alter Postweg 1, 67346, Speyer, Germany.
⁵ Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
⁶ Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt.

Abstract

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, especially for intestinal GVHD, as steroid resistant GVHD results in high mortality. For this reason, new treatments of GVHD are needed. One approach is the reduction of pathogenic bacteria using anti-E. coli Immunoglobulin Yolk (IgY). In a haploidentical murine model, B6D2F1 mice conditioned with total body irradiation (TBI), received bone marrow cells (BM) and splenocytes (SC) from either syngeneic (Syn = B6D2F1) or allogeneic (Allo = C57BL/6) donors. Following this, animals received from day -2 until day +28 chow contained IgY or control chow. Thereafter the incidence and severity of aGVHD, the cytokines, chemokines, IDO1 and different pathogen-recognition receptors (PRR) were analyzed and compared to control animals (received chow without IgY). We found that animals receiving chow with IgY antibody showed reduced GVHD severity compared to control animals. On day28 after alloBMT, IDO, NOD2, TLR2, TLR4 and the inflammatory chemokine CCL3, were reduced in the colon and correlated with a significant decrease in E. coli bacteria. In summary chow containing chicken antibodies (IgY) improved GVHD via decrease in bacterial load of E coli conducting to reduction of pathogen receptors (NOD2, TLR2 and 4), IDO, chemokines and cytokines.

Keywords: Bone marrow transplantation; E. coli; Graft-versus-host disease; Hen antibody Immunoglobulin Yolk (IgY); PRR cytokines And chemokines; Stem cell transplantation.