Soil (microbial) disturbance affect the zinc isotope biogeochemistry but has little effect on plant zinc uptake

Abstract

Zinc (Zn) is an important micronutrient but can be toxic at elevated concentrations. We conducted an experiment to test the effect of plant growth and soil microbial disturbance on Zn in soil and plants. Pots were prepared with and without maize and in an undisturbed soil, a soil that was disturbed by X-ray sterilization and a soil that was sterilized but reconditioned with the original microbiome. The Zn concentration and isotope fractionation between the soil and the soil pore water increased with time, which is probably due to physical disturbance and fertilization. The presence of maize increased the Zn concentration and isotope fractionation in pore water. This was likely related to the uptake of light isotopes by plants and root exudates that solubilized heavy Zn from the soil. The sterilization disturbance increased the concentration of Zn in the pore water, because of abiotic and biotic changes. Despite a threefold increase in Zn concentration and changes in the Zn isotope composition in the pore water, the Zn content and isotope fractionation in the plant did not change. These results have implications for Zn mobility and uptake in crop plants and are relevant in terms of Zn nutrition.

Keywords: Soil biogeochemistry; Soil pollution; Trace metals; Zinc deficiency; Zinc isotopes; Zinc nutrition.