Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenomic analyses of a novel zearalenone-degrading Bacillus subtilis B72

Ke Li; Jianyao Jia; Qing Xu; Na Wu

doi:10.1007/s13205-023-03517-y

Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenomic analyses of a novel zearalenone-degrading Bacillus subtilis B72

3 Biotech. 2023 Mar;13(3):103. doi: 10.1007/s13205-023-03517-y. Epub 2023 Feb 27.

Authors

Ke Li¹, Jianyao Jia¹, Qing Xu¹, Na Wu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023 China.
² College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046 China.

Abstract

Bacillus strain B72 was previously isolated as a novel zearalenone (ZEN) degradation strain from the oil field soil in Xinjiang, China. The genome of B72 was sequenced with a 400 bp paired-end using the Illumina HiSeq X Ten platform. De novo genome assembly was performed using SOAPdenovo2 assemblers. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated that B72 is closely related to the novel Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) strain DSM 10. A phylogenetic tree based on 31 housekeeping genes, constructed with 19 strains closest at the species level, showed that B72 was closely related to B. subtilis 168, B. licheniformis PT-9, and B. tequilensis KCTC 13622. Detailed phylogenomic analysis using average nucleotide identity (ANI) and genome-to-genome distance calculator (GGDC) demonstrated that B72 might be classified as a novel B. subtilis strain. Our study demonstrated that B72 could degrade 100% of ZEN in minimal medium after 8 h of incubation, which makes it the fastest degrading strain to date. Moreover, we confirmed that ZEN degradation by B72 might involve degrading enzymes produced during the initial period of bacterial growth. Subsequently, functional genome annotation revealed that the laccase-encoding genes yfiH (gene 1743) and cotA (gene 2671) might be related to ZEN degradation in B72. The genome sequence of B. subtilis B72 reported here will provide a reference for genomic research on ZEN degradation in the field of food and feed.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03517-y.

Keywords: Bacillus sp.; Degradation; Mycotoxin; ZEN-degrading enzyme; Zearalenone.

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