Biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability of casein phosphopeptide modified polyetheretherketone

Peng Qiu; Pin Wang; Min Liu; Tao Dai; Min Zheng; Le Feng

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1100238

Biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability of casein phosphopeptide modified polyetheretherketone

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023 Feb 8:11:1100238. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1100238. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Peng Qiu^{1

2

3}, Pin Wang^{1

2

3}, Min Liu^{1

2

3}, Tao Dai^{1

2

3}, Min Zheng^{1

2

3}, Le Feng^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
² Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
³ Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.

Abstract

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a potential implant material for dental application due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, its biological inertness and poor osteoinductive ability limited its clinical application. Based on a lay-by-layer self-assembly technique, here we incorporated casein phosphopeptide (CPP) onto PEEK surface by a simple two-step strategy to address the poor osteoinductive ability of PEEK implants. In this study, the PEEK specimens were positively charged by 3-ammoniumpropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) modification, then the CPP was adsorbed onto the positively charged PEEK surface electrostatically to obtain CPP-modified PEEK (PEEK-CPP) specimens. The surface characterization, layer degradation, biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability of the PEEK-CPP specimens were studied in vitro. After CPP modification, the PEEK-CPP specimens had a porous and hydrophilic surface and presented enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. These findings indicated that CPP modification could significantly improve the biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability of PEEK-CPP implants in vitro. In a word, CPP modification is a promising strategy for the PEEK implants to achieve osseointegration.

Keywords: casein phosphopeptide; cell adhesion; cell proliferation; osteoinductive ability; polyetheretherketone; surface modification.