Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice

Viruses. 2023 Jan 30;15(2):390. doi: 10.3390/v15020390.

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, pigs, and sheep. Current emergency FMD vaccines are of limited use for early protection because their protective effect starts 7 days after vaccination. Therefore, antiviral drugs or additives are used to rapidly stop the spread of the virus during FMD outbreaks. Manganese (Mn2+) was recently found to be an important substance necessary for the host to protect against DNA viruses. However, its antiviral effect against RNA viruses remains unknown. In this study, we found that Mn2+ has antiviral effects on the FMD virus (FMDV) both in PK15 cells and mice. The inhibitory effect of Mn2+ on FMDV involves NF-κB activation and up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes. Animal experiments showed that Mn2+ can be highly effective in protecting C57BL/6N mice from being infected with FMDV. Overall, we suggest Mn2+ as an effective antiviral additive for controlling FMDV infection.

Keywords: Mn2+; antiviral effect; cytokines; foot-and-mouth disease virus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents* / pharmacology
  • Antiviral Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Cattle
  • Cell Line
  • Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus*
  • Foot-and-Mouth Disease* / drug therapy
  • Foot-and-Mouth Disease* / virology
  • Interferons
  • Manganese* / pharmacology
  • Manganese* / therapeutic use
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Sheep
  • Swine

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Interferons
  • Manganese

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2022NSFSC0073); Southwest Minzu University Research Startup Funds (RQD202100) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Southwest Minzu University (2021115).