Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the Southeastern United States

Saurabh Gautam; James W Buck; Bhabesh Dutta; Timothy Coolong; Tatiana Sanchez; Hugh A Smith; Scott Adkins; Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan

doi:10.3390/v15020357

Sida Golden Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Pathogen of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the Southeastern United States

Viruses. 2023 Jan 26;15(2):357. doi: 10.3390/v15020357.

Authors

Saurabh Gautam¹, James W Buck², Bhabesh Dutta³, Timothy Coolong⁴, Tatiana Sanchez⁵, Hugh A Smith⁶, Scott Adkins⁷, Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.
² Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.
³ Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, 3250 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
⁴ Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, 1111 Miller Plant Sciences, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
⁵ University of Florida, IFAS Extension, 22712 W. Newberry Road, Newberry, FL 32669, USA.
⁶ Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 14625 Co Rd 672, Wimauma, FL 33598, USA.
⁷ USDA-ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA.

Abstract

Sida golden mosaic virus (SiGMV) was first detected from snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Florida in 2006 and recently in Georgia in 2018. Since 2018, it has caused significant economic losses to snap bean growers in Georgia. This study, using a SiGMV isolate field-collected from prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), examined the putative host range, vector-mediated transmission, and SiGMV-modulated effects on host-vector interactions. In addition, this study analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of SiGMV with other begomoviruses reported from Sida spp. Host range studies confirmed that SiGMV can infect seasonal crops and perennial weed species such as snap bean, hollyhock (Alcea rosea L.), marsh mallow (Althaea officinalis L.), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), country mallow (Sida cordifolia L.), prickly sida (S. spinosa), and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The incidence of infection ranged from 70 to 100%. SiGMV-induced symptoms and virus accumulation varied between hosts. The vector, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, was able to complete its life cycle on all plant species, irrespective of SiGMV infection status. However, SiGMV infection in prickly sida and country mallow positively increased the fitness of whiteflies, whereas SiGMV infection in okra negatively influenced whitefly fitness. Whiteflies efficiently back-transmitted SiGMV from infected prickly sida, hollyhock, marsh mallow, and okra to snap bean, and the incidence of infection ranged from 27 to 80%. Complete DNA-A sequence from this study shared 97% identity with SiGMV sequences reported from Florida and it was determined to be closely related with sida viruses reported from the New World. These results suggest that SiGMV, a New World begomovirus, has a broad host range that would allow its establishment in the farmscapes/landscapes of the southeastern United States and is an emerging threat to snap bean and possibly other crops.

Keywords: Begomovirus; Bemisia tabaci; host range; phylogenetics; symptoms; vector–virus interactions.

Publication types

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Begomovirus* / genetics
Crops, Agricultural
Georgia
Mosaic Viruses*
Phaseolus*
Phylogeny

Grants and funding

This work was supported by grants from the Georgia Commodity Commission for Vegetables, Georgia Department of Agriculture—Specialty Crop Block Grant, USDA-SARE, USDA-Specialty Crops Research Initiative (USDA NIFA SCRI grant 2018-003391), and the UGA-USDA ARS cooperative agreement number 6080-22000-027-18S.