This study focuses on a robot vision localization method for coping with the operational task of automatic nasal swab sampling. The application is important in the detection and epidemic prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to alleviate the large-scale negative impact of individuals suffering from pneumonia owing to COVID-19. In this method, the idea of a hierarchical decision network is used to consider the strong infectious characteristics of the COVID-19, which is followed by processing the robot behavior constraint condition. The visual navigation and positioning method using a single-arm robot for sampling is also planned, which considers the operation characteristics of medical staff. In the decision network, the risk factor for potential contact infection caused by swab sampling operations is established to avoid the spread among personnel. A robot visual servo control with artificial intelligence characteristics is developed to achieve a stable and safe nasal swab sampling operation. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve good vision positioning for the robots and provide technical support for managing new major public health situations.
本文主要研究一种用于鼻拭子机器人自动采样操作的视觉定位方法。使用机器人完成鼻拭子采样任务可以减少医务人员对新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)患者的直接接触, 从而减小COVID-19带来的负面影响, 对COVID-19 的检测和防疫具有重要意义。该方法根据COVID-19 的传播特点使用层次决策网络来处理机器人的行为约束条件, 并结合医务人员的采样动作特点设计了使用单臂机器人进行鼻拭子采样操作的视觉导航定位方法。该方法所使用的决策网络综合考虑了人工采样操作中引起潜在接触感染风险的影响因素, 以尽可能降低病毒在人员之间的传播概率。进一步形成具有人工智能特征的视觉伺服控制策略, 并完成稳定、安全的鼻拭子机器人采样操作。实验证明, 该方法能够实现良好的机器人视觉系统的定位, 可以为公共卫生防控提供必要的技术支持。.
Keywords: hierarchical decision; nasal swab sampling; surgical robot; vision servo.
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