Stable isotope signatures of deuterium, oxygen 18, and carbon 13 (δ2H, δ 18O, δ 13C) in imported apples available in the markets of Vietnam

Ha Lan Anh; Dang Duc Nhan; Tran Minh Quynh

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100576

Stable isotope signatures of deuterium, oxygen 18, and carbon 13 (δ²H, δ ¹⁸O, δ ¹³C) in imported apples available in the markets of Vietnam

Food Chem X. 2023 Jan 11:17:100576. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100576. eCollection 2023 Mar 30.

Authors

Ha Lan Anh¹, Dang Duc Nhan¹, Tran Minh Quynh²

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute,Address: 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
² Hanoi Irradiation Center, Vietnam, Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute, QL32, Minh Khai, Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Abstract

This study examines whether fresh apples from the United States, New Zealand, and China sold in the markets of Vietnam can be distinguished based on the stable isotopic signatures of their water and carbon (δ²H, δ¹⁸O, and δ¹³C). The δ²H and δ¹⁸O in apples from the United States were found to average - 100.1 ‰ and - 10.5 ‰ vs VSMOW, respectively, lighter than those from New Zealand and China. In apples from China, the δ¹³C_VBDP averaged - 25.8 ‰, which is more enriched than apples from the United States and New Zealand. A clear distinction was shown in the δ²H, δ¹⁸O, and δ¹³C values in apple samples from the three regions based on the statistical treatment at a 95 % confidence level and p < 0.05. This method is reliable enough to control the import and export of agricultural products.

Keywords: Apple; CF IRMS; Cryogenic vacuum extraction; Geographical origin; Laser spectrometry; Stable isotope compositions.