The association of cell adhesion molecules and selectins (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, L-selectin, and P-selectin) with microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: A follow-up study

Khalid Siddiqui; Teena P George; Muhammad Mujammami; Arthur Isnani; Assim A Alfadda

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1072288

The association of cell adhesion molecules and selectins (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, L-selectin, and P-selectin) with microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: A follow-up study

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Feb 9:14:1072288. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1072288. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Khalid Siddiqui¹, Teena P George¹, Muhammad Mujammami^{1

2

3}, Arthur Isnani⁴, Assim A Alfadda^{1

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
² University Diabetes Center, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Objective: Chronic hyperglycemia induces pathogenic changes in the vascular endothelium and leads to the development of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Early identification of markers of diabetes complications may help to minimize the risk of the development and progression of microvascular complications.

Methods: This follow-up study was conducted in type 2 diabetic cohort aged between 30-70 years. Out of 160 eligible participants, 70 of them completed follow-up. Levels of cell adhesion molecules and selectins (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, L-selectin and P-selectin) at baseline and follow-up were measured using Randox Evidence biochip analyzer (UK). Development of microvascular complications (diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy) was evaluated.

Results: During the follow-up (2 years, median), 31 (44.3%) developed diabetic neuropathy, 10 (14.3%) developed diabetic retinopathy and, 27 (38.6%) developed diabetic nephropathy. A significant difference in levels of cell adhesion molecules and selectins were found in type 2 diabetic patients with and without microvascular complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis reveals that baseline level of VCAM-1 is significantly associated with microvascular complications; diabetic neuropathy(p=0.028), retinopathy (p=0.007) and nephropathy(p=<0.001). Additionally, levels of P-selectin (p=0.05) and L-selectin (p=0.008) is associated with diabetic nephropathy while retinopathy associated with L-selectin (p=0.005) only.

Conclusion: Cell adhesion molecules and selectins are indicators of microvascular complication among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Association of these markers with the development of microvascular complications may provide additive information for developing strategies for diabetes management and prediction of microvascular complications.

Keywords: adhesion molecule; complications; diabetic nephropathy; diabetic neuropathy; diabetic retinopathy.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Aged
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
Diabetic Nephropathies* / etiology
Diabetic Neuropathies*
Diabetic Retinopathy* / epidemiology
Diabetic Retinopathy* / etiology
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
L-Selectin
Middle Aged
P-Selectin
Selectins
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1

Substances

Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
L-Selectin
P-Selectin
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Selectins

Grants and funding

This work was funded by the National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, grant to the Strategic Center for Diabetes Research.