Pollution source and chemicals structure of the water-soluble fractions in PM2.5 that induce apoptosis in China

Huimin Ma; Wenjing Chen; Qianyu Zhang; Cong Wan; Yangzhi Mo; Fei Liu; Guanghui Dong; Xiaowen Zeng; Duohong Chen; Zhiqiang Yu; Jun Li; Gan Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2023.107820

Pollution source and chemicals structure of the water-soluble fractions in PM_2.5 that induce apoptosis in China

Environ Int. 2023 Mar:173:107820. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107820. Epub 2023 Feb 17.

Authors

Huimin Ma¹, Wenjing Chen², Qianyu Zhang², Cong Wan², Yangzhi Mo³, Fei Liu⁴, Guanghui Dong⁵, Xiaowen Zeng⁵, Duohong Chen⁶, Zhiqiang Yu³, Jun Li³, Gan Zhang³

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: mahuimin@gig.ac.cn.
² State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
⁴ School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
⁵ Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
⁶ Department of Air Quality Forecasting and Early Warning, Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Air Quality Monitoring, Guangdong Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Secondary Pollution, Guangzhou 510308, China.

PMID: 36842384
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107820

Abstract

Identify risk drivers is the key condition in air pollution control, and biological effect-directed analysis is the most commented method for combing chemical identify and human health. The water-soluble organic matter contained in PM_2.5 plays an important role in human health, while it is also the most difficult to identify its chemical information. Exploring the structural characteristics and pollution sources of its key toxic components is the optimized strategy to meet this question. In this study, the induction of apoptosis by the water-soluble fractions (WSF) of PM_2.5 samples collected in 10 major cities in China over a period of 1 year was observed in vitro in Beas-2b cells. Organic carbon structures were examined using nuclear magnetic resonance; air potential sources were identified using δ¹³C and ¹⁴C isotopic markers. Apoptosis induction by WSF in PM_2.5 was generally stronger in northern cities than in southern cities, and in winter than in summer. Organic compounds with aromatic and double-bond carbon structures from secondary products of motor vehicle exhausts, coal-derived emissions, and emissions derived from the burning of core residues may be primarily responsible for apoptosis induction by PM_2.5. Our results will contribute to understanding the toxic substances contained in WSF and provide basic data for accurate pollution control.

Keywords: 14C; Air pollution source; Apoptosis; Bese-2B cell; Isotope; Water-soluble organic component.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aerosols / analysis
Air Pollutants* / analysis
Air Pollutants* / toxicity
Apoptosis
Carbon / analysis
China
Environmental Monitoring / methods
Humans
Particulate Matter / analysis
Particulate Matter / toxicity
Seasons
Vehicle Emissions / analysis
Water / analysis

Substances

Air Pollutants
Particulate Matter
Water
Vehicle Emissions
Carbon
Aerosols