TP53 in AML and MDS: The new (old) kid on the block

Blood Rev. 2023 Jul:60:101055. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101055. Epub 2023 Feb 14.

Abstract

MDS and AML are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders of increasing incidence, having a variable prognosis based, among others, on co-occurring molecular abnormalities. TP53 mutations are frequently detected in these myeloid neoplasms and portend a poor prognosis with known therapeutic resistance. This article provides a timely review of the complexity of TP53 alterations, providing updates in diagnosis and prognosis based on new 2022 International Consensus Classification (ICC) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The article addresses optimal testing strategies and reviews current and arising therapeutic approaches. While the treatment landscape for this molecular subgroup is under active development, further exploration is needed to optimize the care of this group of patients with unmet needs.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04755244 NCT02663518.

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; International consensus classification; Myelodysplastic syndrome; TP53; World Health Organization.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / genetics
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / therapy
  • Mutation
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes* / diagnosis
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes* / genetics
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes* / therapy
  • Myeloproliferative Disorders*
  • Prognosis
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics

Substances

  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04755244
  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02663518