In recent years, the incidence of cancer has continuously increased, in which various miRNAs have been proposed as biomarkers for the early screening of cancer patients. As a consequence, the development of accurate methods for miRNA quantification has become a major research challenge worldwide. As one of the first discovered oncogenic miRNAs, microRNA-21 (miR-21) has been highlighted for its critical role in cancers. This review describes the main techniques currently available for miR-21 detection, compares the differences of the methods and the amplification strategies, and provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the field.
Keywords: Cancer biomarker; Electrochemical biosensors; Fluorescence resonance energy transfer; MiR-21; Surface-enhanced Raman scattering.
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry.