Synthesis and Characterization of MIPs for Selective Removal of Textile Dye Acid Black-234 from Wastewater Sample

Maria Sadia; Izaz Ahmad; Zain Ul-Saleheen; Muhammad Zubair; Muhammad Zahoor; Riaz Ullah; Ahmed Bari; Ivar Zekker

doi:10.3390/molecules28041555

Synthesis and Characterization of MIPs for Selective Removal of Textile Dye Acid Black-234 from Wastewater Sample

Molecules. 2023 Feb 6;28(4):1555. doi: 10.3390/molecules28041555.

Authors

Maria Sadia¹, Izaz Ahmad¹, Zain Ul-Saleheen¹, Muhammad Zubair¹, Muhammad Zahoor², Riaz Ullah³, Ahmed Bari⁴, Ivar Zekker⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
² Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
³ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, 14a Ravila St., 50411 Tartu, Estonia.

Abstract

Herein, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared using bulk polymerization and applied to wastewater to aid the adsorption of targeted template molecules using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), methacrylic acid (MAA), acid black-234 (AB-234), 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), and methanol as a cross linker, functional monomer, template, initiator, and porogenic solvent, respectively. For a non-molecularly imprinted polymer (NIP), the same procedure was followed but without adding a template. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a surface area analyzer were used to determine the surface functional groups, morphology and specific surface area of the MIP and NIP. At pH 5, the AB-234 adsorption capability of the MIP was higher (94%) than the NIP (31%). The adsorption isotherm data of the MIP correlated very well with the Langmuir adsorption model with Qm 82, 83 and 100 mg/g at 283 K, 298 K, and 313 K, respectively. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The imprinted factor (IF) and Kd value of the MIP were 5.13 and 0.53, respectively. Thermodynamic studies show that AB-234 dye adsorption on the MIP and NIP was spontaneous and endothermic. The MIP proved to be the best selective adsorbent for AB-234, even in the presence of dyes with similar and different structures than the NIP.

Keywords: acid black-234 dye; adsorption; environment; selectivity.

MeSH terms

Adsorption
Molecular Imprinting* / methods
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
Polymers / chemistry
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Textiles
Wastewater*

Substances

Wastewater
Polymers
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

Grants and funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the researchers supporting project number RSP2023R346, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, regarding financial support.