Effect directed analysis of bioactive compounds in leaf extracts from two Salvia species by High-performance thin-layer chromatography

Snezana Agatonovic-Kustrin; Sheryn Wong; Anton V Dolzhenko; Vladimir Gegechkori; Heng Ku; Weng Kei Tan; David W Morton

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115308

Effect directed analysis of bioactive compounds in leaf extracts from two Salvia species by High-performance thin-layer chromatography

J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2023 Apr 1:227:115308. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115308. Epub 2023 Feb 20.

Authors

Snezana Agatonovic-Kustrin¹, Sheryn Wong², Anton V Dolzhenko³, Vladimir Gegechkori⁴, Heng Ku⁵, Weng Kei Tan⁵, David W Morton⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia. Electronic address: snezana0801@gmail.com.
² School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
³ School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
⁴ Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia.
⁵ Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia.
⁶ Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia. Electronic address: d.morton@latrobe.edu.au.

PMID: 36827737
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115308

Abstract

Extracts of two Salvia species, Salvia apiana (white sage) and Salvia officinalis (common sage) were screened for phytoconstituents with the ability to act as antidiabetic, cognitive enhancing, or antimicrobial agents, by hyphenation of high-performance thin-layer chromatography with enzymatic and microbial effect directed assays. Two bioactive zones with α-amylase inhibition (zone 1 and zone 2), 3 zones for acetylcholinesterase inhibition (zones 3, 4 and 5), and two zones for antimicrobial activity (zones 4 and 5) were detected. The compounds from the five bioactive zones were initially identified by coelution with standards and comparing the R_F values of standards to the bioautograms. Identity was confirmed with ATR-FTIR spectra of the isolated compounds from the bioactive zones. A significantly higher α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of S. apiana leaf extract was associated with a higher flavonoid and diterpenoid content. Fermented S. officinalis extract exhibited a significantly higher ability to inhibit α-amylase compared to other non-fermented extracts from this species, due to increased extraction of flavonoids. The ATR-FTIR spectra of 2 zones with α-amylase inhibition, indicated that flavonoids and phenolic acids were responsible for α-amylase inhibition. Multiple zones of acetylcholinesterase inhibition were related to the presence of phenolic abietane diterpenoids and triterpenoid acids. The presence of abietane diterpenoids and triterpenoid acids was also found responsible for the mild antimicrobial activity. Flash chromatography was used to isolate sufficient amounts of bioactive compounds for further characterisation via NMR and MS spectroscopy. Five compounds were assigned to the zones where bioactivity was observed: cirsimaritin (zone 1), a caffeic acid polymer (zone 2), 16-hydroxyrosmanol (zone 3), 16-hydroxycarnosic acid (zone 4), oleanolic and ursolic acids (zone 5).

Keywords: AChE inhibitors; Antimicrobial; Bioassay guided detection; HPTLC screening; Salvia; α-Amylase.

MeSH terms

Abietanes
Acetylcholinesterase
Anti-Infective Agents* / pharmacology
Antioxidants / pharmacology
Chromatography, Thin Layer / methods
Flavonoids
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Salvia* / chemistry
Triterpenes*
alpha-Amylases

Substances

Acetylcholinesterase
Abietanes
Triterpenes
Anti-Infective Agents
Flavonoids
alpha-Amylases
Plant Extracts
Antioxidants