Dietary supplementation modified attapulgite promote intestinal epithelial barrier and regulate intestinal microbiota composition to prevent diarrhea in weaned piglets

Abstract

Attapulgite is a kind of natural clay mineral. Its unique pore structure makes it an ideal adsorption material and carrier material. However, the beneficial effect of modified attapulgites (SLK) in livestock is still unknown. The study was aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of modified attapulgites on diarrhea. 135 piglets were randomly divided into 5 groups and fed with control diet, traditional antibiotic substitute (TAS) supplementation diet, 0.5 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet, 1 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet, and 1.5 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet. This experiment lased two weeks. According to our result, 1.5 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet significantly decreased diarrhea score and diarrhea frequency, and effectively increased survival rate (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 1.5 mg/kg SLK significantly increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and choline esterase (CHE) concentration in serum (P < 0.05). AS compared with TAS group, 1.5 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet significantly decreased villus height and increased goblet number in jejunum, and increased villus height and decreased goblet number in ileum (P < 0.05). 1.5 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet also significantly changed cecal microbial community composition, including increased Limosilactobacillus abundance (P < 0.05). 1.5 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet significantly increased colonic microbial community composition, including decreased Escherichia-shigella abundance and increased Limosilactobacillus abundance (P < 0.05). Moreover, 1.5 mg/kg SLK supplementation diet significantly increased valerate, propionate, butyrate, and total short chain fatty acid contents in colon (P < 0.05). Valerate, propionate, butyrate, and total short chain fatty acid significantly associated with Lactobacillus. Fourerenilla and Fourerenilla.unclassfied significantly associated with acetate contents in colon (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with modified apptapulgites significantly regulate intestinal microbial community composition and alleviate intestinal epithelial barrier to prevent diarrhea in piglets.

Keywords: Diarrhea; Intestinal epithelial barrier; Microbiota composition; Modified attapulgite.