Aggressive parenting behavior among grandparents providing childcare for grandchildren: A case study of Shenzhen, China

Mengtong Chen; Suqin Tang; Susan J Kelley; Qiqi Chen; Camilla Kin Ming Lo; Ko Ling Chan; Patrick Ip

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106108

Aggressive parenting behavior among grandparents providing childcare for grandchildren: A case study of Shenzhen, China

Child Abuse Negl. 2023 May:139:106108. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106108. Epub 2023 Feb 21.

Authors

Mengtong Chen¹, Suqin Tang², Susan J Kelley³, Qiqi Chen⁴, Camilla Kin Ming Lo⁵, Ko Ling Chan⁶, Patrick Ip⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: mtchen@cuhk.edu.hk.
² School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Blvd, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address: jasminetsq@hotmail.com.
³ Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-3995, United States. Electronic address: skelley@gsu.edu.
⁴ Department of Social Work, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, China. Electronic address: qqchen@xmu.edu.cn.
⁵ Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: camilla.lo@polyu.edu.hk.
⁶ Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: koling.chan@polyu.edu.hk.
⁷ Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: patricip@hku.hk.

PMID: 36821976
DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106108

Abstract

Background: Grandparents play an essential role in childrearing and fill the parenting gap for dual-earner Chinese families. Many Chinese grandparents engage heavily in childcare, which may increase the risk of child abuse.

Objective: This study aimed to examine grandparental use of psychological and physical aggression toward children and explore its associated risk factors.

Participants and setting: This was a cross-sectional study which involved purposive sampling of 278 grandparents (204 females and 74 males) taking care of at least one grandchild below 18 years old in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: Information on childcare was collected, including grandparents' use of psychological and physical aggression and their involvement in childcare in terms of intensity and activity.

Results: An alarming percentage (57.1 %) of grandparents had used psychological aggression, while 26.5 % had used corporal punishment, in the past year. The average use of psychological aggression and corporal punishment was 16.10 times and 10.08 times per year, respectively. Grandparents taking care of two or more grandchildren were more likely to use psychological aggression and corporal punishment compared to those taking care of only one grandchild. Higher mental and physical health summary scores were associated with lower likelihood of psychological and physical aggression of grandparents.

Conclusions: This study advances our understanding of negative grandparenting behavior in childcare. As grandparents play a significant role in childcare, we need to improve their grandparenting skills, provide more formal childcare services to ease their childcare burden, and support their physical and mental well-being to reduce the risk of child abuse.

Keywords: Chinese family; Corporal punishment; Grandparenting; Psychological aggression.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Aggression
Child
Child Care / psychology
China / epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Grandparents* / psychology
Humans
Intergenerational Relations
Male
Parenting / psychology