Possible effects of melatonin on reperfusion injury following coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Azita Hajhossein-Talasaz; Mehrnoush Dianatkhah; Padideh Ghaeli; Abbass Salehiomran; Minoo Dianatkhah

doi:10.48305/arya.v18i0.2208

Possible effects of melatonin on reperfusion injury following coronary artery bypass graft surgery

ARYA Atheroscler. 2022 Mar;18(2):1-7. doi: 10.48305/arya.v18i0.2208.

Authors

Azita Hajhossein-Talasaz¹, Mehrnoush Dianatkhah², Padideh Ghaeli³, Abbass Salehiomran⁴, Minoo Dianatkhah⁵

Affiliations

¹ Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy AND Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Fellowship of Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy AND Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
³ Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Professor, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Although coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has been reported to be one of the most effective internentions in terms of myocardial salvage, reperfusion itself can cause additional damage to the myocardium. Since there is strong evidence that free radicals are the principal offender in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, it has been suggested that treatment with antioxidant agents can be protective. Investigations have shown that melatonin secretion is partially disturbed in CABG patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin as an antioxidant agent on I/R injury.

Methods: 164 elective CABG candidates participated in this randomized clinical trial during the preoperative period. The candidates were randomized to receive 3 mg of melatonin tablets (physiologic dose) from 3 days before surgery until the day of discharge. Cardiac biomarkers [troponin and creatine kinase myocardial band (CKMB)] were assessed once before surgery (24 hours before surgery), and 8 and 24 hours after surgery.

Results: Finally, 130 patients, 65 (50%) patients in the melatonin group and 65 (50%) in the control arm finished our study. Mean age of melatonin and control groups was 59.90 ± 9.59 and 60.80 ± 8.00 years, respectively; moreover, 47 (72.30%) in melatonin and 45 (69.23%) in control group were men. No significant difference was seen in baseline cardiac biomarkers between two groups (P > 0.05). In both groups, cardiac biomarkers (CKMB and troponin) elevated after surgery in comparison to their preoperative values. There was no statistically significant difference between the control and melatonin groups regarding the 8-hour and 24-hour troponin and CKMB when adjusted for interacting factors (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Although physiological concentration of melatonin is protective against I/R injury, substitution of endogenous melatonin with the oral supplement which creates physiologic concentration may not prevent I/R injury. In order to have antioxidant effect, pharmacologic doses of melatonin should be employed.

Keywords: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery; Ischemia Reperfusion Injury; Melatonin.