Pathogenesis and treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: Review and update

Qipeng Zhan; Jianan Zhang; Yubin Lin; Wenjing Chen; Xinzou Fan; Dunfang Zhang

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127417

Pathogenesis and treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: Review and update

Front Immunol. 2023 Feb 2:14:1127417. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127417. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Qipeng Zhan¹, Jianan Zhang¹, Yubin Lin¹, Wenjing Chen¹, Xinzou Fan¹, Dunfang Zhang¹

Affiliation

¹ State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Abstract

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease accompanied by multiple lesions. The main manifestations include dryness of the mouth and eyes, along with systemic complications (e.g., pulmonary disease, kidney injury, and lymphoma). In this review, we highlight that IFNs, Th17 cell-related cytokines (IL-17 and IL-23), and B cell-related cytokines (TNF and BAFF) are crucial for the pathogenesis of SS. We also summarize the advances in experimental treatment strategies, including targeting Treg/Th17, mesenchymal stem cell treatment, targeting BAFF, inhibiting JAK pathway, et al. Similar to that of SLE, RA, and MS, biotherapeutic strategies of SS consist of neutralizing antibodies and inflammation-related receptor blockers targeting proinflammatory signaling pathways. However, clinical research on SS therapy is comparatively rare. Moreover, the differences in the curative effects of immunotherapies among SS and other autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. We emphasize that targeted drugs, low-side-effect drugs, and combination therapies should be the focus of future research.

Keywords: JAK pathway; foxp3 + treg; interferon; sjogren's syndrome; th17 cells; tumor necrosis factor.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Autoimmune Diseases* / complications
B-Lymphocytes / metabolism
Cytokines / metabolism
Humans
Signal Transduction
Sjogren's Syndrome*

Substances

Cytokines

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Key Project of the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (NO. 2022YFH0100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 82171829), the 1·3·5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (NO. ZYYC21012), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20822041E4084).