Adverse pregnancy outcomes of cancer survivors and infectious disease in their infants: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

Ryutaro Nishikawa; Mayumi Sugiura-Ogasawara; Takeshi Ebara; Taro Matsuki; Hazuki Tamada; Sayaka Kato; Kayo Kaneko; Shinji Saitoh; Michihiro Kamijima; Japan Environment and Children's Study Group

doi:10.3892/ol.2023.13686

Adverse pregnancy outcomes of cancer survivors and infectious disease in their infants: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

Oncol Lett. 2023 Jan 30;25(3):100. doi: 10.3892/ol.2023.13686. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Authors

Ryutaro Nishikawa¹, Mayumi Sugiura-Ogasawara¹, Takeshi Ebara², Taro Matsuki², Hazuki Tamada², Sayaka Kato², Kayo Kaneko², Shinji Saitoh³, Michihiro Kamijima²; Japan Environment and Children's Study Group

Affiliations

¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
² Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
³ Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.

Abstract

Birth cohort studies examining pregnancy and infant outcomes among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors have been limited. The present study examined whether AYA cancer affects pregnancy outcomes of survivors and infectious diseases in their infants up to 1 year of age. Pregnant women were recruited for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide, large-scale, prospective cohort study. The present study included 103,060 pregnant women and collected questionnaire-based data during the first and second/third trimester, and at 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after delivery. Adverse pregnancy outcomes and infectious diseases in infants up to 1 year of age were compared between AYA cancer survivors and pregnant women without a history of cancer using binominal logistic regression analyses and a multiple imputation method. Of 99,816 participants (3,244 were missing), 1,102 (1.1%) had a cancer history, including 812 participants (0.8%) with a history of cervical cancer. Among cervical cancer survivors, the adjusted (a)ORs were as follows: 3.25 (95% CI, 2.31-4.57; q=0.00) for a preterm birth <34 weeks' gestation; 2.82 (95% CI, 2.31-3.44; q=0.00) for a preterm birth <37 weeks' gestation; and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.36-2.06; q=0.00) for premature rupture of the membrane. Among the other cancer survivors, the aOR for caesarean section was 1.43 (95% CI, 1.10-1.87; q=0.0). Furthermore, lower respiratory tract inflammation in 1-year-old infants born by vaginal delivery increased significantly in cases with a history of cervical cancer (aOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.33-2.36; q=0.00). The present study identified the risk of lower respiratory tract inflammation in 1-year-old infants born by vaginal delivery in cervical cancer survivors for the first time. In addition, the frequency of caesarean section increased in all cancer survivors. No risk of congenital anomalies or other infections were found in the total group of cancer survivors.

Keywords: adolescent and young adult cancer; birth cohort; cancer survivor; cervical cancer; postpartum; pregnancy.

Grants and funding

This study was funded by the Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan.