Betalains isolated from underexploited wild plant Atriplex hortensis var. rubra L. exert antioxidant and cardioprotective activity against H9c2 cells

Agnieszka Kumorkiewicz-Jamro; Renata Górska; Małgorzata Krok-Borkowicz; Katarzyna Reczyńska-Kolman; Przemysław Mielczarek; Łukasz Popenda; Aneta Spórna-Kucab; Anna Tekieli; Elżbieta Pamuła; Sławomir Wybraniec

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135641

Betalains isolated from underexploited wild plant Atriplex hortensis var. rubra L. exert antioxidant and cardioprotective activity against H9c2 cells

Food Chem. 2023 Jul 15:414:135641. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135641. Epub 2023 Feb 7.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5000 SA, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005 SA, Australia. Electronic address: agnieszka.kumorkiewicz-jamro@pk.edu.pl.
² Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
³ Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland.
⁴ Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Cracow, Poland; Laboratory of Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Cracow, Poland.
⁵ NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.

PMID: 36809729
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135641

Abstract

Atriplex hortensis var. rubra L. extracts prepared from leaves, seeds with sheaths, and stems were characterized for betalainic profiles by spectrophotometry, LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and LC-Orbitrap-MS techniques. The presence of 12 betacyanins in the extracts was strongly correlated with high antioxidant activity measured by ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC assays. Comparative assessment between samples indicated the highest potential for celosianin and amaranthin (IC₅₀ 21.5 and 32.2 μg/ml, respectively). The chemical structure of celosianin was elucidated for the first time by complete 1D and 2D NMR analysis. Our findings also demonstrate that betalain-rich A. hortensis extracts and purified pigments (amaranthin and celosianin) do not induce cytotoxicity in a wide concentration range in rat cardiomyocytes model (up to 100 μg/ml for extracts and 1 mg/ml for pigments). Furthermore, tested samples effectively protect H9c2 cells from H₂O₂-induced cell death and prevent from apoptosis induced by Paclitaxel. The effects were observed at sample concentrations between 0.1 and 10 μg/ml.

Keywords: Amaranthaceae family; Amaranthin; Antioxidant activity; Atriplex hortensis var. rubra; Betalains; Cardioprotective activity; Celosianin; Natural pigments.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antioxidants / chemistry
Atriplex*
Betalains* / chemistry
Betalains* / pharmacology
Hydrogen Peroxide
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Plant Extracts / pharmacology
Rats
Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

Betalains
Antioxidants
Hydrogen Peroxide
Plant Extracts