Background: Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The discovery of acquired genetic alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene involved in growth factor receptor signaling, has changed the way these cancers are diagnosed and treated. EGFR is more frequent in Asian, females, and non-smokers. Data regarding its prevalence in the Arab World remains limited. This paper aims at reviewing the data available for the prevalence of this mutation in the Arab patient population and comparing it with other international series.
Methods: PubMed and ASCO databases were used to conduct a literature search and 18 relevant studies were included.
Results: Overall, 1775 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were included in this analysis. 15.7% had an EGFR mutation and 56% of the mutated patients were females. 66% of EGFR mutated patients were nonsmokers. Exon 19 and exon 21 were, respectively the most and the second most prevalent mutation.
Conclusions: The EGFR mutation frequency in Middle East and African patients lies between the frequency of Europe and North America. Like global data, it is more prevalent in females and non-smokers.
Keywords: Epidermal growth factor receptor; Arab World; prevalence; Non-small cell lung cancer..