May carriers at nanoscale improve the Endodontic's future?

Patrícia Diogo; M Amparo F Faustino; Paulo J Palma; Akhilesh Rai; Maria Graça P M S Neves; João Miguel Santos

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2023.114731

May carriers at nanoscale improve the Endodontic's future?

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2023 Apr:195:114731. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114731. Epub 2023 Feb 12.

Authors

Patrícia Diogo¹, M Amparo F Faustino², Paulo J Palma³, Akhilesh Rai⁴, Maria Graça P M S Neves², João Miguel Santos⁵

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: pdn@uc.pt.
² LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
³ Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
⁴ CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
⁵ Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.

PMID: 36787865
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114731

Abstract

Nanocarriers (NCs) are dynamic nanovehicles used to transport bioactive derivatives like therapeutical formulations, drugs and/or dyes. The current review assists in understanding the mechanism of action of several recent developed NCs with antimicrobial purposes. Here, nine NCs varieties are portrayed with focus on nineteen approaches that are fulfil described based on outcomes obtained from in vitro antimicrobial assays. All approaches have previously been verified and we underline the biochemical challenges of all NCs, expecting that the present data may encourage the application of NCs in endodontic antimicrobial basic research. Methodological limitations and the evident base gaps made not possible to draw a definite conclusion about the best NCs for achieving efficient antimicrobial outcomes in endodontic studies. Due to the lack of pre-clinical trials and the scarce number of clinical trials in this emergent area, there is still much room for improvement on several fronts.

Keywords: Antimicrobial; Approaches; Endodontics; Nanocarriers; Nanotransporters; Outcomes.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't