Intracellular Delivery of mRNA for Cell-Selective CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing using Lipid Nanoparticles

Tianyu Ma; Xianghan Chen; Ming Wang

doi:10.1002/cbic.202200801

Intracellular Delivery of mRNA for Cell-Selective CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing using Lipid Nanoparticles

Chembiochem. 2023 May 2;24(9):e202200801. doi: 10.1002/cbic.202200801. Epub 2023 Mar 30.

Authors

Tianyu Ma^{1

2}, Xianghan Chen¹, Ming Wang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100490, P. R. China.

PMID: 36780174
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200801

Abstract

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is being used as part of an emerging class of biotherapeutics with great promise for preventing and treating a wide range of diseases, as well as encoding programmable nucleases for genome editing. However, mRNA's low stability and immunogenicity, as well as the impermeability of the cell membrane to mRNA greatly limit mRNA's potential for therapeutic use. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are currently one of the most extensively studied nanocarriers for mRNA delivery and have recently been clinically approved for developing mRNA-based vaccines to prevent COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in designing ionizable lipids and formulating LNPs for intracellular and tissue-targeted mRNA delivery. Furthermore, we discuss the progress of intracellular mRNA delivery for spatiotemporally controlled CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing by using LNPs. Finally, we provide a perspective on the future of LNP-based mRNA delivery for CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and the treatment of genetic disorders.

Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9; cell selectivity; genome editing; lipid nanoparticles; mRNA delivery.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

COVID-19* / genetics
CRISPR-Cas Systems / genetics
Gene Editing
Gene Transfer Techniques
Humans
Nanoparticles*
RNA, Messenger / genetics

Substances

Lipid Nanoparticles
RNA, Messenger