1 WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
2 West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
3 Center for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
4 National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
5 Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
6 Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK. Electronic address: mark.woolhouse@ed.ac.uk.