Hypolipidemic mechanism of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides in high-fat diet-induced obese mice based on metabolomics

Yuanyuan Zhao; Zhen Zhang; Li Wang; Wen Li; Jianming Du; Shengxiang Zhang; Xuefeng Chen

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1118923

Hypolipidemic mechanism of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides in high-fat diet-induced obese mice based on metabolomics

Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 25:10:1118923. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1118923. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yuanyuan Zhao¹, Zhen Zhang¹, Li Wang¹, Wen Li¹, Jianming Du¹, Shengxiang Zhang¹, Xuefeng Chen²

Affiliations

¹ College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
² School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China.

Abstract

Objective: In this study, the structure of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides (PEPs) was characterized, and the mechanism of PEP on obesity and hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diet was evaluated by metabonomic analysis.

Methods: The structure of PEPs were characterized by monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. In animal experiments, H&E staining was used to observe the morphological difference of epididymal adipose tissue of mice in each group. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-(QE) HFX -mass spectrometry (MS) was used to analyze the difference of metabolites in serum of mice in each group and the related metabolic pathways.

Results: The PEPs contained nine monosaccharides: 1.05% fucose, 0.30% arabinose, 17.94% galactose, 53.49% glucose, 1.24% xylose, 23.32% mannose, 1.30% ribose, 0.21%galacturonic acid, and 1.17% glucuronic acid. The PEPs began to degrade at 251°C (T0), while the maximum thermal degradation rate temperature (Tm) appeared at 300°C. The results histopathological observation demonstrated that the PEPs had signifificant hypolipidemic activities. After PEPs intervention, the metabolic profile of mice changed significantly. A total of 29 different metabolites were selected as adjunctive therapy to PEPs, for treatment of obesity and hyperlipidemia-related complications caused by a high-fat diet. These metabolites include amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, choline, glycerol phospholipids, and other endogenous compounds, which can prevent and treat obesity and hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet by regulating amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and changes in metabolic pathways such as that involved in the citric cycle (TCA cycle).

Conclusions: The presented results indicate that PEPs treatment can alleviate the obesity and hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet and, thus, may be used as a functional food adjuvant, providing a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the prevention and treatment of high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia.

Keywords: Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides; metabolic differences; metabolic pathways; obesity; structural characterization.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Gansu Agricultural University Science and Technology Innovation Fund (GAU-KYQD-2020-30).