Prognostic Significance of a Model Based on Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Genetic Polymorphisms in Laryngeal Carcinoma

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023 Sep;169(3):528-538. doi: 10.1002/ohn.266. Epub 2023 Feb 9.

Abstract

Objective: Because of the high costs associated with early-stage laryngeal carcinoma diagnosis and prognosis prediction, this study attempts to find valuable targets to establish a novel predictive model by focusing on the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) genotype and other peripheral blood markers.

Study design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary comprehensive hospital.

Methods: From January 2011 to January 2021, 362 cases of laryngeal carcinoma were included and divided into 2 groups in this retrospective analysis. Information on medical history, alcohol, and tobacco consumption habits, ALDH2 genotypes, and other peripheral blood markers was collected. Endpoints of the current study included disease-free survival and overall survival. A nomogram model for overall survival was established and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results: A total of 236 patients were included in the training cohort, and the other 126 were included in the validation cohort. The median follow-up of the patients was 9.6 years (interquartile range: 7.5-12.5 years). Peripheral fibrinogen, hemoglobin, and ALDH2 genotypes were significantly associated with an increase in laryngeal carcinoma mortality rate on Kaplan-Meier curves. The ROC curve showed that the effectiveness of overall survival prediction by the nomogram model was better than that of traditional clinical staging.

Conclusion: A prognostic nomogram of laryngeal carcinoma patients involving ALDH2 and peripheral blood markers and T and N stages was constructed and validated.

Keywords: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; fibrinogen; hemoglobin; laryngeal carcinoma; nomogram; polymorphism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetaldehyde
  • Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial / genetics
  • Carcinoma*
  • Humans
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Nomograms
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)
  • Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  • Acetaldehyde
  • ALDH2 protein, human