Objective:To investigate the clinical effectiveness of the single-incision retrograde surgery（SIRS） of the infection preauricular fistula. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed from April 2016 to May 2021. In the observation group, there were 15 cases of infected preauricular fistula using single-incision retrograde surgical excision. Twenty-four infected preauricular fistulas by double-incision surgery（fistula and infection incisions） were selected as the control group. The recurrence rates, wound healing scores, and scar assessment were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in recurrence rate and incision healing between groups（P>0.05）, and the preserved fistula in SIRS group were good without infection recurrence. Moreover, The scar score and the surgical wound in SIRS group were better than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion:The single-incision retrograde surgery is an effective method of treating infected preauricular fistulas with fewer wounds and fewer scars.
目的：探讨感染破溃型先天性耳前瘘管单切口逆行手术切除并保留瘘管口的临床效果。 方法：采用感染灶切口逆行切除法对2019年12月—2021年5月期间15例（15耳）感染型耳前瘘管患者进行手术（对照组），采用传统的瘘管口+感染灶双切口手术对2016年4月—2019年9月期间24例（26耳）患者进行治疗（对照组），比较2组的复发率、切口愈合评分及瘢痕情况。 结果：观察组瘢痕评分优于对照组（P<0.05），手术创伤较对照组减少，复发率、切口愈合基本相符（P>0.05）。 结论：感染破溃型耳前瘘管单切口逆行手术切除并保留瘘管口的手术方式，具有创伤小、瘢痕小的优势，治疗效果有提升。.
Keywords: congenital preauricular fistula; scar assessment; single-incision retrograde surgery.
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