Suppressing Hydrogen Evolution via Anticatalytic Interfaces toward Highly Efficient Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries

Chun-Chuan Kao; Chao Ye; Junnan Hao; Jieqiong Shan; Huan Li; Shi-Zhang Qiao

doi:10.1021/acsnano.2c12587

Suppressing Hydrogen Evolution via Anticatalytic Interfaces toward Highly Efficient Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries

ACS Nano. 2023 Feb 28;17(4):3948-3957. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12587. Epub 2023 Feb 6.

Authors

Chun-Chuan Kao¹, Chao Ye¹, Junnan Hao¹, Jieqiong Shan¹, Huan Li¹, Shi-Zhang Qiao¹

Affiliation

¹ School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA5005, Australia.

PMID: 36744842
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12587

Abstract

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries hold practical promise for large-scale energy storage because of the safety and affordability of aqueous-based electrolytes; in addition, the manufacturing process is significantly simplified by direct employment of Zn metal as an anode. However, hydrogen evolution due to near-surface water dissociation has hindered large-scale applications of them. Here, we report the suppression of the hydrogen evolution reaction via a CuN₃-coordinated graphitic carbonitride (CuN₃-C₃N₄) anticatalytic interface to achieve highly efficient aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Based on in situ gas chromatography and in situ synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, we demonstrated that the hydrogen evolution reaction triggers the Zn₄SO₄(OH)₆·xH₂O formation. A combination of in situ infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory simulations has proved to stabilize near-surface H₃O⁺ species and regulate adsorption of H* intermediates by an anticatalytic interface for hydrogen evolution reaction suppression. Consequently, the anticatalytic interface greatly improves the Coulombic efficiency of Zn plating/stripping to ∼99.7% for 5500 cycles and the cycling reversibility to over 1300 h at 1 mA cm^-2 and 1 mAh cm^-2. With an anticatalytic interface, the full cell shows an excellent Coulombic efficiency of 98.3% over 400 cycles at 1C. These findings provide strategic insight for targeted designing of highly efficient aqueous Zn-ion batteries.

Keywords: DFT calculations; anticatalytic interface; aqueous Zn-ion batteries; hydrogen evolution reaction suppression; in situ ATR-IR; in situ GC; in situ XRD.