Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk, prognosis, and quality of life: A systematic review

Yuan Bu; Junchao Qu; Siqi Ji; Jingxin Zhou; Mengxin Xue; Jiling Qu; Huiping Sun; Yongbing Liu

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.1057057

Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk, prognosis, and quality of life: A systematic review

Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 20:9:1057057. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1057057. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yuan Bu¹, Junchao Qu¹, Siqi Ji¹, Jingxin Zhou¹, Mengxin Xue¹, Jiling Qu², Huiping Sun¹, Yongbing Liu¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
² Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China.

Abstract

Background: Statistics indicate that the morbidity of breast cancer is increasing globally, and its (overall figures) incidence has now surpassed that of lung cancer for the first time. The relation between a whole dietary pattern, rather than of a single food or nutrient, and breast cancer (BC) should be examined for findings to capture the complexities of diet and the potential for synergism between dietary components. Hence, the effects of dietary patterns on breast cancer have recently attracted increasing attention.

Objective: To systematically review the effects of dietary patterns on breast cancer risk, prognosis, and quality of life in survivors.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. Data from Ovid, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, CNKI, PubMed, Weipu, The Cochrane Library, Duxiu Data, ProQuest, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus Database were retrieved and evaluated.

Results: A total of 47 studies that investigated the association between eating patterns and breast cancer were identified. Ten studies evaluated the effect of the model on treatment outcome and prognosis of breast cancer and two cross-sectional studies examined the influence of dietary patterns on quality of life. The resulting favorable dietary patterns were shown to regulate metabolic biomarkers, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and protective genes, and inhibit cell proliferation and invasion.

Conclusion: Numerous studies have examined the effects of healthy eating, plant-based, anti-inflammation, low-fat, and other favorable dietary patterns in relation to breast cancer. However, few studies reported significant associations and the studies had limitations, suggesting that the current findings should be interpreted with caution.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD4202 2350171.

Keywords: breast cancer; breast cancer risk; dietary patterns; prognosis; quality of life.

Publication types

Systematic Review

Grants and funding

This study was supported by Su Jiao Ji Han (2019) No. 2, Jiangsu Province Elderly Education Learning Resource Library Sub library Project and Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant number: SJCX22_1829).