Long non-coding RNA SNHG9 regulates viral replication in rhabdomyosarcoma cells infected with enterovirus D68 via miR-150-5p/c-Fos axis

Huichao Fu; Junzhuo Si; Lei Xu; Xia Tang; Yonglin He; Nan Lu; Huayi Li; Anlong Li; Sijia Gao; Chun Yang

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1081237

Long non-coding RNA SNHG9 regulates viral replication in rhabdomyosarcoma cells infected with enterovirus D68 via miR-150-5p/c-Fos axis

Front Microbiol. 2023 Jan 19:13:1081237. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1081237. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Huichao Fu¹, Junzhuo Si¹, Lei Xu¹, Xia Tang², Yonglin He¹, Nan Lu¹, Huayi Li¹, Anlong Li¹, Sijia Gao¹, Chun Yang¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
² Rongchang District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China.

Abstract

Background: The Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) epidemic has increased knowledge of the virus as a pathogen capable of causing serious respiratory and neurological illnesses. It has been shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate viral replication and infection via multiple mechanisms or signaling pathways. However, the precise function of lncRNAs in EV-D68 infection remains unknown.

Methods: The differential expression profiles of lncRNA in EV-D68-infected and uninfected rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells were studied using high-throughput sequencing technology. The knockdown through small interfering RNA (siRNA) and overexpression of lncRNA SNHG9 (small ribonucleic acid host gene 9) were applied to investigate how lncRNA SNHG9 regulates EV-D68 propagation. The targeted interactions of lncRNA SNHG9 with miR-150-5p and miR-150-5p with c-Fos were validated using dual luciferase reporter system. LncRNA SNHG9 knockdown and miR-150-5p inhibitor were co-transfected with RD cells. QRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect RNA and protein levels, of c-Fos and VP1, respectively. Median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) was applied to detect viral titers.

Results: The results demonstrated that a total of 375 lncRNAs were highly dysregulated in the EV-D68 infection model. In the EV-D68 infection model, lncRNA SNHG9 and c-Fos were increased in EV-D68-infected RD cells. However, the expression level of miR-150-5p was downregulated. In addition, overexpression of SNHG9 in RD cells resulted in decreased viral replication levels and viral titers following infection with EV-D68, and further experiments revealed that overexpression of SNHG9 inhibited the viral replication by targeting increased miR-150-5p binding and significantly increased c-Fos expression in RD cells.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the SNHG9/miR-150-5p/c-Fos axis influences EV-D68 replication in host cells and that SNHG9 may be a possible target for anti-EV-D68 infection therapies.

Keywords: SNHG9; c-Fos; ceRNA; enterovirus D68; infection; miR-150-5p.