Hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons as potential mediators of estradiol negative and positive feedback

J Rudolph Starrett; Suzanne M Moenter

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2023.170963

Hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons as potential mediators of estradiol negative and positive feedback

Peptides. 2023 May:163:170963. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.170963. Epub 2023 Feb 3.

Authors

J Rudolph Starrett¹, Suzanne M Moenter²

Affiliations

¹ Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
² Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; The Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: smoenter@umich.edu.

Abstract

Gonadal steroid feedback regulates the brain's patterned secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Negative feedback, which occurs in males and during the majority of the female cycle, modulates the amplitude and frequency of GnRH pulses. Positive feedback occurs in females when high estradiol induces a surge pattern of GnRH release. These two forms of feedback and their corresponding patterns of GnRH secretion are thought to be mediated by kisspeptin-expressing neurons in two hypothalamic areas: the arcuate nucleus and the anteroventral periventricular area. In this review, we present evidence for this theory and remaining questions to be addressed.

Keywords: AVPV; Arcuate; Estradiol; Estrogen; Feedback; HPG axis; Kisspeptin; Neuroendocrine; Neuropeptide; Reproduction.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Estradiol*
Feedback
Female
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
Humans
Kisspeptins*
Male
Neurons

Substances

Estradiol
Kisspeptins
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

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