Hydrothermal assisted synthesis of hierarchical SnO2 micro flowers with CdO nanoparticles based membrane for energy storage applications

Ehsan Ullah; Muhammad Zia Ullah Shah; Syed Awais Ahmad; Muhammad Sajjad; Shaukat Khan; Fatimah M Alzahrani; Adel E M Yahya; Sayed M Eldin; Bhargav Akkinepally; A Shah; Shenghui Guo

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138004

Hydrothermal assisted synthesis of hierarchical SnO₂ micro flowers with CdO nanoparticles based membrane for energy storage applications

Chemosphere. 2023 Apr:321:138004. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138004. Epub 2023 Jan 30.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan.
² National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
³ College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
⁴ Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah, 211, Oman.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
⁸ School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; School of General Education, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea. Electronic address: bhargav@ynu.ac.kr.
⁹ Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China. Electronic address: attashah168@gmail.com.
¹⁰ Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China. Electronic address: shenghuiguo@outlook.com.

PMID: 36731674
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138004

Abstract

Hierarchical nanostructures with appropriate morphology and surface functionalities are highly desired to achieve an optimized electrochemical property for active electrode materials. This work renders the facile hydrothermal synthesis of CdO, SnO₂, and CdO-SnO₂ nanocomposite, and their capacitive performance was tested. The formation of the pure samples and their composite was committed by low-temperature Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction studies which revealed the tetragonal and cubic structures of CdO and SnO₂ powder samples with good crystallinity and purity. The morphological postmortem reveals the formation of nanoparticles morphology of CdO with a highly smooth surface appearance. Besides, the SnO₂ illustrates the morphology of the micro flowers composed of ultrathin nanosheets. More specifically, the electrochemical properties indicate the pseudocapacitive charge storage mechanism based on cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry analysis. The CdO-SnO₂ composite electrode displayed a higher capacitance due to additional pores/space offered for active sites and continuously allowed electrolyte ions to interact with the inner/outer surface of the electrode. These exciting findings led us to design and fabricate battery hybrid supercapacitors (BHSC) from CdO-SnO_2, and activated carbon (AC), referred to as CdO-SnO₂//AC BHSC, attains a high power delivery (5717 W/kg), and a maximum energy density of 42 Wh/kg at low discharge rate. Noteworthy, a stable cycling performance was obtained with only 91.3% retention after 8000 cycling at a large discharge current of 10 A/g, denoting the magnificent durability of the active electrode material.

Keywords: CdO-SnO(2); Chronopotentiometry; Electrode material; Raman spectroscopy; Surface functionalities.

MeSH terms

Charcoal
Flowers
Membranes
Nanocomposites*
Nanoparticles*

Substances

Charcoal