Olecranon fractures : current treatment concepts

Bone Joint J. 2023 Feb;105-B(2):112-123. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.105B2.BJJ-2022-0703.R1.

Abstract

Despite being one of the most common injuries around the elbow, the optimal treatment of olecranon fractures is far from established and stimulates debate among both general orthopaedic trauma surgeons and upper limb specialists. It is almost universally accepted that stable non-displaced fractures can be safely treated nonoperatively with minimal specialist input. Internal fixation is recommended for the vast majority of displaced fractures, with a range of techniques and implants to choose from. However, there is concern regarding the complication rates, largely related to symptomatic metalwork resulting in high rates of implant removal. As the number of elderly patients sustaining these injuries increases, we are becoming more aware of the issues associated with fixation in osteoporotic bone and the often fragile soft-tissue envelope in this group. Given this, there is evidence to support an increasing role for nonoperative management in this high-risk demographic group, even in those presenting with displaced and/or multifragmentary fracture patterns. This review summarizes the available literature to date, focusing predominantly on the management techniques and available implants for stable fractures of the olecranon. It also offers some insights into the potential avenues for future research, in the hope of addressing some of the pertinent questions that remain unanswered.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(2):112-123.

Keywords: Assessment; Fracture; Internal fixation; Management; Nonoperative management; Olecranon; displaced fractures; elbow; fractures of the olecranon; implant removal; orthopaedic trauma surgeons; osteoporotic bone; soft-tissue.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Device Removal
  • Elbow Joint* / surgery
  • Fractures, Bone*
  • Humans
  • Olecranon Fracture*
  • Ulna Fractures* / surgery