Prevention of progressive hearing loss in a mouse model of diabetes by oral intake of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester

Acta Otolaryngol. 2023 Feb;143(2):113-120. doi: 10.1080/00016489.2023.2170463. Epub 2023 Jan 31.

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of hearing impairment in patients with diabetes was significantly higher, and the development of preventive methods is desirable.

Aims/objectives: This study examined the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) administration on the prevention of early hearing loss in diabetic mice.

Materials and methods: Tsumura, Suzuki, Obese Diabetes (TSOD) mice were used as a model of diabetes and Tsumura, Suzuki, Non Obesity (TSNO) mice were used as controls. The animals were divided into three groups: the TSNO group and the TSOD (EPA-) group (provided sunflower oil), and the TSOD (EPA+) group (provided EPA). Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured and the cochlea was evaluated histologically.

Results: The TSOD (EPA+) group showed a lower tendency to increase thresholds than the TSOD (EPA-) group. The TSOD (EPA+) group had a significantly lower ABR threshold than the TSOD (EPA-) group from 11 to 14 months of age at 4 kHz. Narrowing of the capillary lumens in the stria vascularis and thickening of the vessel wall in the modiolus were observed in the TSOD (EPA-) group.

Conclusions and significance: It was suggested that the suppression of cochlear vascular atherosclerosis by EPA administration in TSOD mice suppressed early age-related hearing loss.

Keywords: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); diabetes; hearing loss.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cochlea / pathology
  • Deafness*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental* / pathology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid / pharmacology
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Hearing Loss* / etiology
  • Hearing Loss* / prevention & control
  • Mice
  • Mice, Obese
  • Obesity

Substances

  • eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid