The case report of AQP4 and MOG IgG double positive NMOSD treated with subcutaneous Ofatumumab

Abstract

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease with IgG against aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in more than two thirds of patients. Anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody is found in some AQP4-negative NMOSD patients and MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is thought to be distinct from NMOSD. Due to the high disabling nature of NMOSD, treatment strategy on first attack is crucial for good prognosis. Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb), is the first-line treatment for NMOSD. However, RTX can be limited by the relatively high rate of systemic allergic reaction. Herein, we reported a rare case of AQP4 and MOG-IgG double positive NMOSD patient effectively and safely treated with ofatumumab (OFA), a novel fully humanized anti-CD20 mAb.

Keywords: Anti-CD20 antibody; Aquaporin-4 antibody; Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody; Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders; Ofatumumab.