Significance of pretreatment alpha-fetoprotein in patients with compensated severe fibrosis after hepatitis C viral eradication

J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2023 Jun;30(6):834-842. doi: 10.1002/jhbp.1309. Epub 2023 Feb 22.

Abstract

Background: We aimed to investigate the factors associated with improvement of liver functional reserve after sustained virological response using interferon-free, direct-acting antiviral combination treatment in patients with compensated, severe fibrosis.

Methods: Between September 2014 and April 2020, 492 patients received direct-acting antiviral combination treatment in our hospital. Among them, 173 patients who had severe fibrosis based on a fibrosis-4 index ≥3.25, showed sustained virological response after treatment. We investigated the dynamic change in albumin-bilirubin score and the baseline factors associated with its improvement, 48 weeks after treatment.

Results: The baseline significant factors associated with albumin-bilirubin ≦ -0.5 were lower albumin (HR: 15.625, 95% CI: 4.273-58.824, P < .001), higher hepatitis C virus RNA (HR: 4.995, 95% CI: 1.882-13.260, P = .001), and higher alpha-fetoprotein (HR: 1.033, 95% CI: 1.011-1.055, P = .003). Patients with alpha-fetoprotein ≧10 ng/mL showed significant improvement of albumin-bilirubin score from baseline to 48 weeks after treatment compared to those with alpha-fetoprotein <10 ng/mL (P < .001).

Conclusions: Baseline serum alpha-fetoprotein might be a predictive factor for improvement of liver function after sustained virological response in patients with severe fibrosis.

Keywords: alpha-fetoprotein; direct acting antivirals; hepatitis C virus; liver function; sustained virological response.

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bilirubin
  • Hepacivirus / genetics
  • Hepatitis C* / complications
  • Hepatitis C* / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis / drug therapy
  • Liver Cirrhosis / etiology
  • alpha-Fetoproteins / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • alpha-Fetoproteins
  • Bilirubin