Numerical Analysis of Coronavirus Detection Using Photonic Crystal Fibre-Based SPR Sensor

Ankur Gupta; Tanu Singh; Rajat Kumar Singh; Akhilesh Tiwari

doi:10.1007/s11468-022-01761-1

Numerical Analysis of Coronavirus Detection Using Photonic Crystal Fibre-Based SPR Sensor

Plasmonics. 2023;18(2):577-585. doi: 10.1007/s11468-022-01761-1. Epub 2023 Jan 24.

Authors

Ankur Gupta^{1

2}, Tanu Singh², Rajat Kumar Singh¹, Akhilesh Tiwari²

Affiliations

¹ Fiber Optics Sensors Research Lab, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj, 211015 UP India.
² Modeling and Simulation Laboratory, Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj, 211015 UP India.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a worldwide health emergency caused by the coronavirus 2 (severe acute respiratory illness) (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 has a wide range of symptoms, making a definitive diagnosis difficult. The shortage of equipment for testing technology COVID-19 has resulted in long queues for COVID-19 testing, which is a major problem. COVID-19 testing is currently performed using sluggish and costly technology like single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The gold standard test for diagnosing COVID-19 is real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which necessitates highly skilled workers and has a lengthy turnaround time. However, rapid and affordable immunodiagnostic techniques (antigen or antibody tests) are also available with some trade off accuracy. Optical sensors are frequently employed in a variety of applications, because of their increased sensitivity, strong selectivity, rapid reaction times, and outstanding resolution. The use of photonic crystal fibre (PCF) is advantageous for the quick detection of the new coronavirus and is suggested with the use of a PCF-based (Au/BaTiO3/graphene) multilayered surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. The proposed sensor can quickly detect the COVID-19 virus in two different ligand-analyte environments: (i) the virus spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) as an analyte and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as a probe ligand, and (ii) monoclonal antibodies (IgG or IgM) as an analyte and the virus spike RBD as a probe ligand. The finite element method (FEM) is used to quantitatively examine the performance of the PCF-based multilayered SPR sensor.

Keywords: Coronavirus detection; Finite element method; Photonic crystal fibre; SPR sensors; Surface plasmon resonance.

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.