Spectroscopic technologies and data fusion: Applications for the dairy industry

Elena Hayes; Derek Greene; Colm O'Donnell; Norah O'Shea; Mark A Fenelon

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.1074688

Spectroscopic technologies and data fusion: Applications for the dairy industry

Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 11:9:1074688. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1074688. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Elena Hayes^{1

2}, Derek Greene³, Colm O'Donnell¹, Norah O'Shea², Mark A Fenelon^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ University College Dublin (UCD) School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
² Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.
³ University College Dublin (UCD) School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Abstract

Increasing consumer awareness, scale of manufacture, and demand to ensure safety, quality and sustainability have accelerated the need for rapid, reliable, and accurate analytical techniques for food products. Spectroscopy, coupled with Artificial Intelligence-enabled sensors and chemometric techniques, has led to the fusion of data sources for dairy analytical applications. This article provides an overview of the current spectroscopic technologies used in the dairy industry, with an introduction to data fusion and the associated methodologies used in spectroscopy-based data fusion. The relevance of data fusion in the dairy industry is considered, focusing on its potential to improve predictions for processing traits by chemometric techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares regression (PLS), and other machine learning algorithms.

Keywords: chemometrics; dairy; dairy processing; data fusion; milk; spectroscopy.

Publication types

Systematic Review

Grants and funding

This study was emanated from research conducted with the financial support of Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) and the Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine on behalf of the Government of Ireland under Grant Number (16/RC/3835)–VistaMilk.