Posner-Schlossman syndrome relapse following inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in China

Qilian Sheng; Yanan Sun; Ruyi Zhai; Xintong Fan; Yue Ying; Xiangmei Kong

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1051378

Posner-Schlossman syndrome relapse following inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in China

Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 13:10:1051378. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1051378. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Qilian Sheng^{1

2

3

4}, Yanan Sun^{1

2

3

4}, Ruyi Zhai^{1

2

3

4}, Xintong Fan^{1

2

3

4}, Yue Ying^{1

2

3

4}, Xiangmei Kong^{1

2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
² National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
⁴ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Introduction: This retrospective study aims to present the characteristics of Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) relapse following inactivated COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: From 2020 to 2022, 12 out of 106 PSS patients undergoing relapses after any dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines were enrolled. Medical histories, information on the vaccination and systemic adverse events were collected. Patients were treated with corticosteroids, intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering drugs and systemic immunosuppressive agents (if needed). Daily regimen and release course were noted.

Results: The recurrence rate after vaccination was 11.32% (12/106, 95% CI: 5.29%-17.35%) among 106 PSS patients we surveyed. All the 12 patients were inoculated with inactivated COVID-19 vaccines developed by Sinopharm, China. The mean time of relapse was 5.27 ± 3.72 days (range: 1-13 days, median: 4 days). Higher IOP and more keratic precipitates (KPs) were seen in the relapse following vaccination (33.55 ± 12.99 mmHg, 91.67% had KPs compared to 25.38 ± 3.80 mmHg, 33.33% had KPs in previous relapse, P = 0.009). The mean release course was 30.71 ± 34.74 days for the relapse following vaccination and 7.33 ± 6.51 days for previous relapses. The attack frequency before and after vaccination was 3.56 ± 2.07 and 9.11 ± 7.34 times per year (P = 0.044). Higher daily doses of corticosteroids, IOP-lowering drugs and ganciclovir were needed to maintain stable course, though the difference did not reach statistical significance.

Discussion: More frequent relapses and harder control of IOP were found in PSS relapse following COVID-19 vaccination. Ophthalmologists need to be aware of the group vulnerability and take precautions, though the pathogenesis is still under investigation.

Keywords: COVID-19; Posner-Schlossman syndrome; inactivated; uveitis; vaccine.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

COVID-19 Vaccines*
COVID-19* / prevention & control
Humans
Recurrence
Retrospective Studies
Vaccination

Substances

COVID-19 Vaccines

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the Western Medicine Guidance Project of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (19411961600), the Experimental Animal Research Project of Shanghai Science and Technology (201409006600), and the Double Excellent Project of EENT Hospital (SYB202003). The authors were funded by the Surface Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (81770922 and 82070957). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.