A time differentiated dietary intervention effect on the biomarkers of exposure to pyrethroids and neonicotinoids pesticides

Elina Ioannou; Stavros Oikonomou; Nikolaos Efthymiou; Andria Constantinou; Thibaut Delplancke; Pantelis Charisiadis; Konstantinos C Makris

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105847

A time differentiated dietary intervention effect on the biomarkers of exposure to pyrethroids and neonicotinoids pesticides

iScience. 2022 Dec 22;26(2):105847. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105847. eCollection 2023 Feb 17.

Authors

Elina Ioannou^{1

2}, Stavros Oikonomou¹, Nikolaos Efthymiou¹, Andria Constantinou¹, Thibaut Delplancke¹, Pantelis Charisiadis¹, Konstantinos C Makris¹

Affiliations

¹ Cyprus International Institute of Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
² Nutrition & Dietetics Department, Limassol General Hospital, State Health Services Organization, Limassol, Cyprus.

Abstract

Tailoring medical models to the right person or risk subgroups delivered at the right time is important in personalized medicine/prevention initiatives. The CIRCA-CHEM randomized 2x2 crossover pilot trial investigated whether the consumption of fruits/vegetables within a time-restricted daily window would affect urinary biomarkers of exposure to neonicotinoids (6-chloronicotinic acid, 6-CN) and pyrethroids (3-phenoxybenzoic acid, 3-PBA) pesticides, a biomarker of oxidative damage (4-hydroxynonenal, 4-HNE) and the associated urinary NMR metabolome. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in both creatinine-adjusted 6-CN and 3-PBA levels was observed between the two-time dietary intervention windows (morning vs. evening). In the evening intervention period, pesticides biomarker levels were higher compared to the baseline, whereas in the morning period, pesticide levels remained unchanged. Positive associations were observed between pesticides and 4-HNE suggesting a diurnal chrono-window of pesticide toxicity. The discovery of a chronotoxicity window associated with chrono-disrupted metabolism of food contaminants may find use in personalized medicine initiatives.

Keywords: Exposure assessment; Food science; Toxicology.