Towards commercialization of fluorinated cation-disordered rock-salt Li-ion cathodes

Gi-Hyeok Lee; Jungwoo Lim; Jeongyim Shin; Laurence J Hardwick; Wanli Yang

doi:10.3389/fchem.2023.1098460

Towards commercialization of fluorinated cation-disordered rock-salt Li-ion cathodes

Front Chem. 2023 Jan 13:11:1098460. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1098460. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Gi-Hyeok Lee¹, Jungwoo Lim^{2

3}, Jeongyim Shin⁴, Laurence J Hardwick^{2

3}, Wanli Yang¹

Affiliations

¹ Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States.
² Department of Chemistry, Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
³ The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Didcot, United Kingdom.
⁴ Umicore USA, Raleigh, NC, United States.

Abstract

Cation-disordered rock-salt cathodes (DRX) are promising materials that could deliver high capacities (>250 mAh g^-1) with Earth abundant elements and materials. However, their electrochemical performances, other than the capacity, should be improved to be competitive cathodes, and many strategies have been introduced to enhance DRXs. Fluorination has been shown to inhibit oxygen loss and increase power density. Nevertheless, fluorinated cation-disordered rock-salts still suffer from rapid material deterioration and low scalability which limit their practical applications. This mini-review highlights the key challenges for the commercialization of fluorinated cation-disordered rock-salts, discusses the underlying reasons behind material failure and proposes future development directions.

Keywords: Li-ion batteries; cathode; cation-disordered rock-salt; commercialization; degradation pathway; surface coating.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This work is supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office of the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231, under the Advanced Battery Materials Research (BMR) Program. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. JL and LJH thanks to CATMAT project (EP/S003053/1, FIRG016) from the Faraday Institution for the support.