Chemerin and Chemokine-like Receptor 1 Are Not Prognostic in Colorectal Carcinoma

Abstract

Background/aim: Colorectal carcinoma is a commonly diagnosed malignancy. The chemoattractant protein chemerin was shown to regulate immune response, angiogenesis, and cell migration and has a role in gastrointestinal cancers. Chemerin and its receptor chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) are expressed in the colon and here, their diagnostic and prognostic value in colorectal carcinoma was examined.

Patients and methods: Chemerin and CMKLR1 protein were quantified by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues of 86 patients with colorectal cancer. Associations with tumor stage, tumor grade, lymph node score, tumor recurrence, and survival were calculated.

Results: Chemerin was not detectable in 12%, low expressed in 55%, medium expressed in 27%, and highly abundant in 7% of the tumors. CMKLR1 protein levels were low in 25%, medium in 70%, and high in 5% of the tumors. Chemerin protein expression was slightly induced in larger tumors of males. CMKLR1 protein expression was modestly higher in the tumors of patients with local and/or distal disease recurrence. CMKLR1 and chemerin protein in colorectal cancer tissues were not related to tumor grade or lymph node score. CD3, CD4, and CD8 protein expression did not correlate with chemerin or CMKLR1. Tumor chemerin and CMKLR1 protein levels were similar in survivors and non-survivors.

Conclusion: In colorectal carcinoma, chemerin and CMKLR1 proteins are weakly associated with tumor stage and tumor recurrence. Levels of these proteins in colorectal carcinoma tissues are not connected with patients' survival.

Keywords: TNM staging; immunohistochemistry; survival; tumor recurrence.