What I know, what I want to know, what I learned: Activating EFL college students' cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement through structured feedback in an online environment

Liqaa Habeb Al-Obaydi; Farzaneh Shakki; Ragad M Tawafak; Marcel Pikhart; Raed Latif Ugla

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1083673

What I know, what I want to know, what I learned: Activating EFL college students' cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement through structured feedback in an online environment

Front Psychol. 2023 Jan 4:13:1083673. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1083673. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Liqaa Habeb Al-Obaydi¹, Farzaneh Shakki², Ragad M Tawafak³, Marcel Pikhart⁴, Raed Latif Ugla⁵

Affiliations

¹ English Department, College of Education for Human Sciences, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq.
² Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
³ Department of Information Technology, Al Buraimi University College, Al Buraimi, Oman.
⁴ Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.
⁵ Department of Islamic Studies in English, Al-Imam Al-Adhdham University College, Baghdad, Iraq.

Abstract

Given the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, online classes have received special attention worldwide. Since teachers have a lasting effect on the students, the teacher-student relationship is a pivotal factor in language learning classes. Students will not be engaged in class activities if they are not sufficiently challenged by them or if they do not find them interesting, especially in online classes. From this point of view, motivating, engaging, and testing techniques in online classes are highly important. The present study attempts to demonstrate a correlation between structured feedback and three types of engagement in an online class: cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement. The structured feedback, which is used at the end of each lesson lets the students express what they know, what they want to know, and what they learned. The sample of the study consists of 114 EFL third-year college students. The study's findings reveal positive and significant correlations between the three types of engagement; cognitive, behavioral, and emotional, and the use of structured feedback in online classes. In a nutshell, some academic implications and recommendations are provided.

Keywords: behavioral engagement; cognitive engagement; emotional engagement; online education; structured feedback.