Optimal cut-off value of waist circumference-to-height ratio to predict central obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic studies

Abstract

Introduction: Waist circumference-to-height ratio (WHtR) is a simple anthropometric index with good screening power and fast interpretation for early detection of childhood abdominal obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the best cut-off value of WHtR to use in clinical setting.

Methods: Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science by the end of March 2021. Observational studies investigated the best WHtR cut-off to detect abdominal obesity in children and adolescents were included. Thirteen articles (n = 180,119) were included in this systematic review and eight documents were included in the meta-analysis.

Results: The overall optimal cut-off was 0.49 with pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-0.96), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91) and 102.6 (95% CI: 50.7-207.5), respectively. The optimal WHtR cut-off to predict abdominal obesity in girls and boys were both 0.49.

Discussion: The current study shows that we could use this cut-off as a simple index for predicting abdominal obesity in children and adolescents without the need for any charts in practice.

Keywords: abdominal obesity; adolescents; central obesity; children; waist to height ratio.