Single-cell omics: A new direction for functional genetic research in human diseases and animal models

Siyuan Kong; Rongrong Li; Yunhan Tian; Yaqiu Zhang; Yuhui Lu; Qiaoer Ou; Peiwen Gao; Kui Li; Yubo Zhang

doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.1100016

Single-cell omics: A new direction for functional genetic research in human diseases and animal models

Front Genet. 2023 Jan 4:13:1100016. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1100016. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Siyuan Kong^{1

2}, Rongrong Li², Yunhan Tian^{1

3}, Yaqiu Zhang², Yuhui Lu², Qiaoer Ou², Peiwen Gao², Kui Li^{1

2}, Yubo Zhang^{1

2

4}

Affiliations

¹ Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Animal Functional Genomics Group, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
² Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Animal Functional Genomics Group, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
³ College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
⁴ College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.

Abstract

Over the past decade, with the development of high-throughput single-cell sequencing technology, single-cell omics has been emerged as a powerful tool to understand the molecular basis of cellular mechanisms and refine our knowledge of diverse cell states. They can reveal the heterogeneity at different genetic layers and elucidate their associations by multiple omics analysis, providing a more comprehensive genetic map of biological regulatory networks. In the post-GWAS era, the molecular biological mechanisms influencing human diseases will be further elucidated by single-cell omics. This review mainly summarizes the development and trend of single-cell omics. This involves single-cell omics technologies, single-cell multi-omics technologies, multiple omics data integration methods, applications in various human organs and diseases, classic laboratory cell lines, and animal disease models. The review will reveal some perspectives for elucidating human diseases and constructing animal models.

Keywords: animal disease models; cell lines; human disease; multi-omics integration; single-cell omics.

Publication types

Review